Auth Stream Access (ASA)

Learn about providing your own authorization rules by registering an endpoint.

Authorization Stream Access (ASA) provides the ability to make custom transaction approval decisions through an HTTP interface to the ISO 8583 message stream.

ASA requests are delivered as an HTTP POST during authorization. The ASA request body adheres to the Lithic transaction schema, with some additional fields added for use in decisioning. A response should be sent with HTTP response code 200 and the approval decision in the response body. This response is converted by Lithic back into ISO-8583 format and forwarded to the network.

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Testing

In both sandbox and production, users can self-enroll and disenroll in ASA.

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Pre-ASA request checks

For ASA-enabled users, Lithic only performs a limited set of pre-authorization checks before sending the ASA request. Specifically, card merchant locking and account spend velocity are not checked.

Lithic will not send ASA requests to your endpoint if the message fails pre-authorization checks. For a list of all pre-authorization checks, please reference Transaction.result.

Set up an ASA responder in under 10 minutes!

Full details on responding to ASA requests follow, but to get you up and running quickly we’ve also provided sample application for creating an auth stream access webhook with AWS API Gateway and Lambda, managed via AWS Serverless Application Model (SAM).

  1. NodeJS example: https://github.com/lithic-com/asa-demo-node
  2. Python example: https://github.com/lithic-com/asa-demo-python

Schema

Lithic Request

Similar to Transaction object in Transaction Webhooks with additional properties.

{
  "amount": Integer,
  "acquirer_fee": Integer,
  "authorization_amount": Integer,
  "avs": {
      "address": String,
      "zipcode": String
  },
  "card": Card,
  "cardholder_authentication": CardholderAuthentication,
  "cardholder_currency": String,
  "cash_amount": Integer,
  "conversion_rate": Float,
  "created": String,
  "events": [
      Event
  ],
  "fleet_info": FleetInfo,
  "funding": [
      {
          "amount": Integer,
          "token": String,
          "type": String
      }
  ],
  "merchant_amount": Integer,
  "merchant_currency": String,
  "merchant": Merchant,
  "network": String,
  "network_risk_score": Integer,
  "pos": {
      "terminal": {
          "attended": Boolean,
          "operator": String,
          "on_premise": Boolean,
          "card_retention_capable": Boolean,
          "pin_capability": String,
          "type": String,
          "partial_approval_capable": Boolean
      },
      "entry_mode": {
          "pan": String,
          "pin_entered": Boolean,
          "cardholder": String,
          "card": String
      }
  },
  "settled_amount": Integer,
  "status": String,
  "token": String,
  "token_info": {
    "wallet_type": Enum{}
  }
}
acquirer_feeFee (in cents) assessed by the merchant and paid for by the cardholder. Will be zero if no fee is assessed. Rebates may be transmitted as a negative value to indicate credited fees.
amountAuthorization amount of the transaction (in cents), including any acquirer fees. This may change over time.
authorization_amountThe base transaction amount (in cents) plus the acquirer fee field. This is the amount the issuer should authorize against unless the issuer is paying the acquirer fee on behalf of the cardholder.
avsContains address validation (AVS) information collected by the merchant to be verified by the issuer.
cardSee Cards Schema. Only a subset of fields from the card object are included in ASA requests: hostname, last_four, memo, spend_limit, spend_limit_duration, state, token, and type.
cardholder_authenticationSee Cardholder Authentication Schema.
cash_amountThe portion of the transaction requested as cash back by the cardholder, and does not include any acquirer fees. The amount field includes the purchase amount, the requested cash back amount, and any acquirer fees.

If no cash back was requested, the value of this field will be 0, and the field will always be present.
conversion_rateIf the transaction was requested in a currency other than the settlement currency, this field will be populated to indicate the rate used to translate the merchant_amount to the amount (i.e., merchant_amount x conversion_rate = amount). Note that the merchant_amount is in the local currency and the amount is in the settlement currency.
createdDate and time when the transaction first occurred.
eventsA list of all events that have modified this transaction.
fleet_infoExtra information if the Card is a part of a Fleet program. See Fleet Info
fundingA list of objects that describe how this transaction was funded, with the amount represented in cents. A reference to the funding source for the card that made this transaction may appear here and the token will match the token for the funding source in the card field. If any promotional credit was used in paying for this transaction, its type will be PROMO.
merchantSee Merchant Schema.
merchant_amountThe amount that the merchant will receive, denominated in merchant_currency and in the smallest currency unit. Note the amount includes acquirer_ fee, similar to authorization_amount. It will be different from authorization_amount if the merchant is taking payment in a different currency.
merchant_currencyISO 4217 alpha 3 code for the currency of the transaction.
networkCard network of the authorization. Can be INTERLINK, MAESTRO, MASTERCARD, VISA, or UNKNOWN.
network_risk_scoreNetwork-provided score assessing risk level associated with a given authorization. Scores are on a range of 0-999, with 0 representing the lowest risk and 999 representing the highest risk. For Visa transactions, where the raw score has a range of 0-99, Lithic will normalize the score by multiplying the raw score by 10x.

A score may not be available for all authorizations, and where it is not, this field will be set to null.
posSee Point of Sale definition.
settled_amountAmount (in cents) of the transaction that has been settled, including any acquirer fees. This may change over time.
statusAvailable to all users:
AUTHORIZATION is a dual message purchase authorization.
FINANCIAL_AUTHORIZATION is a single message authorization request with no subsequent clearing.
BALANCE_INQUIRY is a $0 authorization that includes a request for the balance held on the card.

Only available to users with credit decisioning via ASA enabled:
CREDIT_AUTHORIZATION is a dual message request from a merchant to authorize a refund or credit.
FINANCIAL_CREDIT_AUTHORIZATION is a single message request from a merchant to credit funds with no subsequent clearing.
tokenGlobally unique identifier for the transaction.
token_info.wallet_typeWill be present if the transaction is tokenized, and absent for a physical or virtual non-tokenized transaction.

The wallet_type field will indicate the source of the token. Possible token sources include digital wallets (Apple, Google, or Samsung Pay), merchant tokenization, and “other” sources like in-flight commerce. Masterpass is not currently supported and is included for future use.

Cardholder Authentication Schema

Lithic provides metadata on authentication attempts. These fields can be used to determine if cardholder authentication was performed prior to the authorization being submitted by the merchant. Cardholder authentication could happen via:

  • 3-D Secure programs, such as Mastercard Secure Code or Identity Check
  • Digital Secure Remote Payments (DSRP) tokenized payments via Apple Pay wallets

If the cardholder is authenticated or the merchant attempts authentication and the issuer declines to verify, liability shift may apply. If it does, the merchant no longer has liability for the transaction and it cannot be charged back for fraud.

In the ASA request, if no cardholder authentication has taken place, this object will not be included in the payload. In the transaction object, if no cardholder authentication has taken place, this object will be set to null.

{
  "verification_attempted": String,
  "verification_result": String,
  "liability_shift": String,
  "3ds_version": String,
  "acquirer_exemption": String,
  "authentication_result": String,
  "decision_made_by": String,
  "three_ds_authentication_token": String
}
acquirer_exemptionWill always be NONE, reserved for future use.

- NONE: No exemption applied
authentication_resultIndicates what the outcome of the 3DS authentication process is. Possible values:

- SUCCESS: 3DS authentication was successful and the transaction is considered authenticated
- DECLINE: 3DS authentication was attempted but was unsuccessful — i.e., the issuer declined to authenticate the cardholder; note that Lithic populates this value on a best-effort basis based on common data across the 3DS authentication and ASA data elements
- ATTEMPTS: 3DS authentication was attempted but full authentication did not occur. A proof of attempted authenticated is provided by the merchant.
- NONE: 3DS authentication was not performed on the transaction
decision_made_byIndicates which party made the 3DS authentication decision (see 3DS Decisioning for more details). Possible values:

- NETWORK: A network stand-in service decided on the outcome; for token authentications (as indicated in the liability_shift field), this is the default value
- LITHIC_DEFAULT: A default decision was made by Lithic, without running a rules-based authentication; this value will be set on card programs that do not participate in one of our two 3DS product tiers
- LITHIC_RULES: A rules-based authentication was conducted by Lithic and Lithic decided on the outcome
- CUSTOMER_ENDPOINT: Lithic customer decided on the outcome based on a real-time request sent to a configured endpoint
- UNKNOWN: Data on which party decided is unavailable
liability_shiftIndicates whether liability shift to the issuer applies to the transaction. Possible values:

- NONE: Liability has not shifted to the issuer (i.e. the merchant is liable)
- 3DS_AUTHENTICATED: Fully authenticated (possibly recurring) transaction. Liability shift applies
- TOKEN_AUTHENTICATED: Tokenized Payment with validated cryptography, possibly recurring, liability shift applies
three_ds_authentication_tokenUnique identifier you can use to match a given 3DS authentication (available via the three_ds_authentication.created event webhook) and the transaction. Note that in cases where liability shift does not occur, this token is matched to the transaction on a best-effort basis.
3ds_version
(deprecated)
3DS Protocol Version. Note that this field may appear as three_ds_version in some of Lithic's client libraries.

- 1: 3DS V1 was used.

- 2: 3DS V2 (EMV) was used.
- null: No 3DS was used.
verification_attempted
(deprecated)
Indicates whether a 3DS challenge flow was used, and if so, what the verification method was. Possible values:

- NONE: Cardholder verification was not attempted. Authentication was performed via a frictionless flow, not attempted, or via standin risk-based authentication (RBA)
- OTHER: An undefined method, such as a previously challenged recurring transaction, was used to verify the cardholder
verification_result
(deprecated)
Indicates whether a transaction is considered 3DS authenticated.

- SUCCESS: Authentication Verification Successful
- FRICTIONLESS: Attempts Processing Performed; Not Authenticated/Verified, but merchant attempted authentication/verification is provided
- NOT_ATTEMPTED: A 3DS attempt was not made for this transaction.

Merchant Schema

{
  "acceptor_id": String,
  "acquiring_institution_id": String,
  "city": String,
  "country": String,
  "descriptor": String,
  "mcc": String,
  "state": String
}
acceptor_idAlphanumeric identifier for the payment card acceptor (merchant) which is unique within the namespace of the acquiring institution.
acquiring_institution_idUnique alphanumeric identifier assigned to the acquiring bank or financial institution that processes credit card transactions on behalf of the payment card acceptor (merchant).
cityCity of card acceptor. Note that in many cases, particularly in card-not-present transactions, merchants may send through a phone number or URL in this field.

As additional events are added to the transaction object (e.g., clearing event), this field may be updated to reflect the most recent merchant data provided by the network.
countryCountry or entity of card acceptor. Possible values are: (1) all ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country codes - see here for full list, (2) QZZ for Kosovo, and (3) ANT for Netherlands Antilles.

As additional events are added to the transaction object (e.g., clearing event), this field may be updated to reflect the most recent merchant data provided by the network.
descriptorShort description of card acceptor. As additional events are added to the transaction object (e.g., clearing event), this field may be updated to reflect the most recent merchant data provided by the network.
mccMerchant category code.
stateGeographic state of card acceptor. As additional events are added to the transaction object (e.g., clearing event), this field may be updated to reflect the most recent merchant data provided by the network.

Fleet Info

{
  "driver_number": String, 
  "vehicle_number": String,
  "fleet_restriction_code": Enum,
  "fleet_prompt_code": Enum
}
driver_numberID representing the driver or null if not provided as part of the transaction
vehicle_numberID or number associated with the vehicle or null if not provided as part of the transaction
fleet_restriction_codeCode indicating which restrictions, if any, there are on purchase. This is configured at a program level and is a static configuration, and does not change on a request to request basis.

- NO_RESTRICTIONS
- FUEL_ONLY
fleet_prompt_codeCode indicating what the driver was prompted to enter at time of purchase. This is configured at a program level and is a static configuration, and does not change on a request to request basis

- NO_PROMPT
- VEHICLE_NUMBER
- DRIVER_NUMBER

User Response

{
  "result": String,
  "token": String,
  "avs_result": String,
  "balance": {
      "amount": Integer,
      "available": Integer
  }
}
resultAPPROVED to accept the authorization. Any other response will decline the authorization. See ASA Response Result for possible values.
token
(optional)
The transaction token from the ASA request.
avs_result (optional)The ASA responder may return an address verification (AVS) match indicator for evaluation by the acquirer. See AVS Response Result for possible values. The merchant can choose whether to proceed with the transaction in the case of an approval with AVS failure. When they do not, this typically appears as a subsequent AUTHORIZATION_REVERSAL event following the AUTHORIZATION. Note that AVS data submitted by merchants can be variable in quality, and we recommend card programs exercise adjust their decisioning logic accordingly.
balance (optional)Respective available amount and settled amount values (in cents). These values can be used by merchants for authorization decisions as well as balance display at point of sale or ATM.

Response Guidelines

Response Time

If no response is received within 6 seconds, the transaction will be declined for the cardholder. Every party involved in the transaction processing flow takes a certain amount of time, and the merchant or the acquirer will time out at some point. We recommend responding within 3 seconds. If your ASA responder takes longer than that, you may see a higher percentage of transactions being voided shortly after you have approved them.

AVS Matching

Address verification (AVS) checks two pieces of information, the postal code and the billing street address. Responding with AVS is optional. If AVS is present and a response is not received, Lithic will return AVS validated.
If AVS attributes aren’t included in the authorization, any AVS response result will be ignored.

  • If both the address line and ZIP code is available in the ASA request, ASA responders should respond with MATCH.
  • Responding with MATCH_ZIP_ONLY indicates a "MATCH" on ZIP but a mismatch on the address line.
  • Responding with MATCH_ADDRESS_ONLY indicates a "MATCH" on the address line, but a mismatch on ZIP.

Lithic's default behavior for an approval when an ASA responder does not include an AVS response result is to respond to the networks based on what information is available in the authorization request. For example, if both address and zip are available, Lithic will respond to the network with MATCH. If only the ZIP is provided, Lithic will only indicate that there was a match on ZIP. If only an address line was provided, Lithic will only indicate that there was a match on address. On declines, Lithic will return that the AVS was not validated.

Returned Balances

BALANCE_INQUIRY ASA messages require a settled and available amount to be returned.

  • amount represents the balance held on the card.
  • available represents the balance available for the cardholder to spend. This is calculated as the settled amount minus any pending authorizations on the card.

If no balance is returned, Lithic will return $0 to the network as a response.

Enumerations

Point of Sale

terminal.attendedTrue if a clerk is present at the sale.
terminal.on_premiseTrue if the sale was made at the place of business (vs. mobile).
terminal.operatorThe person that is designed to swipe the card, possible values: CARDHOLDER, CARD_ACCEPTOR, ADMINISTRATIVE, UNKNOWN.
terminal.partial_approval_capableTrue if the terminal is capable of partial approval. Partial approval is when part of a transaction is approved and another payment must be used for the remainder. Example scenario: A $40 transaction is attempted on a prepaid card with a $25 balance. If partial approval is enabled, $25 can be authorized, at which point the POS will prompt the user for an additional payment of $15.

See Partial Approval for more information on how to partially approve authorizations.
terminal.pin_capabilityStatus of whether the POS is able to accept PINs, possible values: CAPABLE, INOPERATIVE, NOT_CAPABLE, UNSPECIFIED.
terminal.typePOS type, see POS Type for possible values.
entry_mode.cardCard status, possible values: PRESENT, NOT_PRESENT, UNKNOWN.
entry_mode.cardholderCardholder Presence status, see Cardholder Presence Status for possible values.
entry_mode.panMethod of entry for the PAN, see Method of Entry for possible values.
entry_mode.pin_enteredTrue if the PIN was entered.

POS Type

  • ATM
  • AUTHORIZATION
  • COUPON_MACHINE
  • DIAL_TERMINAL
  • ECOMMERCE
  • ECR (electronic cash register)
  • FUEL_MACHINE
  • HOME_TERMINAL
  • MICR
  • OFF_PREMISE
  • PAYMENT
  • PDA
  • PHONE
  • POINT
  • POS_TERMINAL
  • SELF_SERVICE
  • TELEVISION
  • TELLER
  • TRAVELERS_CHECK_MACHINE
  • UNKNOWN
  • VENDING
  • VOICE

Method of Entry

Method of entryDescription
AUTO_ENTRYPAN auto-entry via server (issuer, acquirer, or third party vendor system)
BAR_CODEPAN auto-entry via bar code or QR code reader
CONTACTLESSContactless via chip (includes tap-to-pay, digital wallets, and other methods which implement EMV standard)
CREDENTIAL_ON_FILECredential on file
ECOMMERCEPAN or token entry via electronic commerce
ERROR_KEYEDChip card or chip-capable terminal was unable to process the transaction using the data on the chip or magnetic stripe, the PAN was entered manually, or the acquirer is not certified to process chip fallback to magnetic stripe
ERROR_MAGNETIC_STRIPEChip card or chip-capable terminal was unable to process the transaction using the data on the chip, therefore the PAN was entered via magnetic stripe
ICCPAN auto-entry via chip
KEY_ENTEREDManually keyed
MAGNETIC_STRIPEMagnetic stripe entry
MANUALManual entry
OCRPAN auto-entry via OCR
SECURE_CARDLESSSecure cardless entry
UNSPECIFIEDUnspecified method of entry
UNKNOWNUnknown or unmapped method of entry

Cardholder Presence Status

Cardholder presence statusDescription
DEFERRED_BILLINGDeferred billing payment
ELECTRONIC_ORDERCardholder not present; electronic order (e.g., via home PC, Internet, mobile phone, PDA)
INSTALLMENTInstallment payment
MAIL_ORDERCardholder not present; mail or facsimile order
NOT_PRESENTCardholder not present; unspecified
PRESENTCardholder present
REOCCURRINGStanding order or recurring transaction
TELEPHONE_ORDERCardholder not present; phone or Automated Response Unit (ARU) order
UNKNOWNUnknown or unmapped cardholder presence status

ASA Response Result

Decline reasonDescription
ACCOUNT_INACTIVESame as CARD_PAUSED, will be deprecated in future versions.
AVS_INVALIDPrevent acquirers from approving the transaction despite incorrect AVS. Note: AVS response is not required for this decline type.
CARD_CLOSEDCard is permanently closed. Use the Update Card to close card after sending this response.
CARD_PAUSEDCard is not yet activated or in a paused state. Use the Update Card to pause card after sending this response.
INSUFFICIENT_FUNDSUser has insufficient funds. Acquirers may retry the transaction at a later time.
DRIVER_NUMBER_INVALIDThe Driver ID given does not match the expected Driver ID for the card. Applicable only for fleet cards.
VEHICLE_NUMBER_INVALIDThe Vehicle ID given does not match the expected Vehicle ID for the card. Applicable only for fleet cards.
UNAUTHORIZED_MERCHANTCan be used for restricted MCCs, countries, or transaction types (e.g. money transfer transactions).
VELOCITY_EXCEEDEDTransaction exceeds issuer-set velocity limits. Acquirers may retry the transaction at a later date.

AVS Response Result

FAIL
MATCH
MATCH_ADDRESS_ONLY
MATCH_ZIP_ONLY

Wallet Type

ValueDescription
MASTERPASSNot currently used, reserved for future use.
APPLE_PAYTransaction originated from an Apple Pay wallet.
GOOGLE_PAYTransaction originated from a Google Pay wallet.
SAMSUNG_PAYTransaction originated from a Samsung Pay wallet.
MERCHANTTransaction originated from a merchant token.
OTHERTransaction originated from an unknown but tokenized source.

ASA Webhook Verification

Lithic enables webhook verification for ASA requests using the same methodology that is used in our Events API and webhooks. Please refer to this page for detailed implementation steps and example code you can use.

By default, the three headers (webhook-id, webhook-timestamp, and webhook-signature) are not included in ASA requests. To begin receiving these headers, call the retrieve the ASA HMAC secret key endpoint. Secret keys are configured on a per-program basis, so if you have multiple programs, you must create a key for each program. Within minutes, the headers will begin appearing in your ASA requests. To rotate your key, call the rotate the ASA HMAC secret key endpoint. Both of these endpoints (as well as simulated ASA requests) are available in Sandbox, and we recommend testing your implementation of webhook verification in the Sandbox environment first.

You can also retrieve these keys on the account page of the Lithic Dashboard. Note that a Production key will only appear once your card program is configured by your Implementation Manager to have ASA enabled, and a Sandbox key will only appear once you have enrolled in Sandbox ASA via the Enroll Responder Endpoint endpoint.

ASA Retry Policy

If Lithic's first attempt to send the ASA request fails due to network connectivity issues or an HTTP status code in the 5xx range, we will immediately retry sending the request. Please be aware that in rare cases, such as when a connection is interrupted while receiving a response, this means that your ASA responder may receive the same request twice. We will not retry on 4xx HTTP errors or on successful responses (2xx status code) with invalid content. Note that this retry policy is different from Events delivery, where Lithic does not need an immediate response.